Chris Wiersma

Author: Chris Wiersma The terms internet safety and internet security are closely connected. In the words of the European Commission (2020:1), “[s]ecurity is not only the basis for personal safety, but it also provides the foundation for confidence and dynamism in our economy, our society, and our democracy”. Thus, internet safety/security is perceived as a… Continue reading Internet Safety/Security

Author: Chris Wiersma A simple definition is given by legal dictionaries, emphasizing the element of ‘recovery’ or ‘repair’, thus referring to the end result of a process described as an “effective grievance mechanism” (Le Docte, 2011). The term ‘remedy’ is formally embedded in many international treaties, e.g., article 13 of the European Convention on Human… Continue reading Remedy

Author: Chris Wiersma In legal dictionaries, the term ‘duty of care’ has been put either as a (general) principle of “prudence, meticulousness, care” or an obligation thereto (Le Docte Legal Dictionary in Four Languages, 2011). It is generally defined as “having regard to interests” (id.) while it could refer to a specific and closed type… Continue reading Duty of Care

Author: Chris Wiersma In a framework of ‘digital citizenship’ (see Ribble, 2011), “[b]eing a full member in a digital society means that each user is afforded certain rights, and these rights should be provided equally to all members” (id, 35). Digital rights are, in such a general sense, connected to ‘boundaries’ [which] “may come in… Continue reading Digital Rights